Load Distribution Behavior on Bolts in Different Joints Configurations Using the Finite Element Method

In this work, in order to analyze the load distribution on bolted joints, three different configurations of joints were modeled using the finite element method FEM, varying the joined parts and shim thickness, the intensity of the applied loads and the bolt diameter. All the proposed models are bi-dimensional, modeled with plate elements which present the same inertial moment of the parts in bending condition and the contacts are modeled using spring elements. Moreover, the models take into account the hypothesis the bolt pre-load is sufficient to ensure the contact between the parts and there is no gap between the plates and the bolt. Finally, the results of the spring elements are compared with the conventional calculation method in order to demonstrate the load distribution behavior i.e., triangular, trapezoidal or rectangular.